a super-dominant firm does not have much to gain by eliminating the little competition that it faces. To the contrary, a dominant firm facing a stronger competitor has much to gain by excluding it from the market. All this implies that, … the sanction should be higher the higher the market share of the violating firms, the sanction for an abuse of dominance, at least in principle, should be lower the higher the degree of dominance of the violating firm.
Alberto Heimler & Kirtikumar Mehta Violations of Antitrust Provisions: The Optimal Level of Fines for Achieving Deterrence
World Competition 35, no. 1 (2012): 103–119.
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